PAPERS AVAILABLE FROM

THE LIFE HISTORY STUDIES PROGRAM

(Latest update 8-01-08)

FOR COPIES WRITE TO:      Rolf Loeber or Magda Stouthamer-Loeber

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic

3811 O'Hara Street

Pittsburgh, PA  15213

E-mail:  loeberr@upmc.edu

            stouthamerloeberm@upmc.edu

Note:  Click full text link to view articles.

Full text of publications sponsored by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention can be found on http://www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org.

Books (the books are available from the publisher only)

Stouthamer-Loeber, M. & Van Kammen, W. B.  (1995).  Data Collection and Management:  A Practical Guide.  Newbury Park, CA.:  Sage. 

Loeber, R., Farrington, D. P., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Van Kammen, W. B.  (1998).  Antisocial Behavior and Mental Health Problems: Explanatory Factors in Childhood and      Adolescence. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Loeber, R., & Farrington, D. P. (Eds.) (1998), Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders: Risk Factors and Successful Interventions.  Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Loeber, R. and Farrington, D. P. (Eds.) (2001). Child Delinquents: Development, Intervention and Service Needs. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Loeber, R., Slot, N. W., & Sergeant, J. (Eds.) (2001).  Ernstige en Gewelddadige Jeugdcriminaliteit: Omvang, Oorzaken, en Interventies [Serious and Violent Juvenile Delinquency in the Netherlands: Prevalence, Causes, and Interventions]. Houten/Diegem, Netherlands: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghem.

General Overviews
 

De8. Loeber, R., & Snyder, H. N. (1990).  Rate of offending in juvenile careers:  Findings of constancy and change in lambda.  Criminology, 28, 97-109.  fulltext

De9. Loeber, R. (1991).  Antisocial behavior:  More enduring than changeable?  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 393-397.  fulltext

De10.   Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Green, S. M. (1991).  Age at onset of problem behavior in boys, and later disruptive and delinquent behavior.  Criminal Behavior & Mental Health, 1, 229-246.  fulltext

De11.   Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W. B., & Farrington, D. P. (1991).  Initiation, escalation and desistance in juvenile offending and their correlates.  Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 82, 36-82.  To be republished in S. Farrall (Ed.), The termination of criminal careers.  Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.  fulltext

De12.   Loeber, R. (1992).  Viewing emotional problems of children and adolescents from a developmental perspective.  In 5th Annual Research Conference Proceedings on A System of Care for Children's Mental Health: Expanding the Research Base, Published by Research & Training Center for Children's Mental Health, Florida Mental Health Institute, Univ. of S. Florida, 53-60.  fulltext

De13.   Loeber, R., Green, S. M., Lahey, B. B., Christ, M. A. G., & Frick, P. J. (1992).  Developmental sequences in the age of onset of disruptive child behaviors.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 1, 21-41.

De14.   Le Blanc, M. & Loeber, R. (1993).  Precursors, causes and the development of criminal offending.  In D. F. Hay and A. Angold (Eds.) Precursors and Causes in Development and Psychopathology (pp. 233-263). Chichester, John Wiley & Son, 1993.  fulltext

De15.   Huizinga, D., Loeber, R. & Thornberry, T. P. (1993).  Longitudinal study of delinquency, drug use, sexual activity, and pregnancy among children and youth in three cities.  Public Health Reports:  Journal of the U.S. Public Health Service, 108, Supplement 1. (pp. 90-96).  fulltext

De16.   Loeber, R., & Farrington, D. P.  (1994).  Problems and solutions in longitudinal and experimental treatment studies of child psychopathology and delinquency. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology,  62, 887-900.   Republished as: Longitudinal approaches in epidemiological research on conduct problems. In F. C. Verhulst, & H. M. Koot (Eds.), The Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (pp. 309-336).  Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 1995.  Another version: Strategies and yields of longitudinal studies on antisocial behavior, in D. M. Stoff, J. Breiling, & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Handbook of antisocial behavior (pp. 125-139). New York: Wiley, 1997.

De17.   Lahey, B. B., & Loeber, R. (1994). Framework for a developmental model of  Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder.  In K. D. Routh (Ed.), Disruptive behavior disorders in childhood: Essays honoring Herbert C. Quay (pp. 139-180).  New York: Plenum.

De18.   Loeber, R. & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1996).  The development of offending.  Criminal Justice and Behavior. 23, 12-24.  fulltext

De19.   Loeber, R. (1996).  Developmental continuity, specialization, and generalization in male juvenile problem behaviors and delinquency.  In J. D. Hawkins (Ed.), Delinquency and crime: Current theories (pp. 1-27). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

De20.   Zhang, Q., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1997).  Developmental trends of delinquency attitudes and delinquency: Replication and synthesis across time and samples.  Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 13, 181-216.

De21.   Farrington, D. P. & Loeber, R. (1999).  Transatlantic replicability of risk factors in the development of delinquency.  In P. Cohen, C. Slomkowski, & L. N. Robins (Eds.) Historical and geographical influences on psychopathology (pp. 299-329).  Mahwah, N.J.:  Lawrence Erlbaum. 

De22.   Le Blanc, M. & Loeber, R. (1998).  Developmental criminology updated.  In M. Tonry (Ed.), Crime and Justice (Vol. 23, pp. 115-197). Chicago: Chicago University Press.

De23.   Lynam, D. (1997).  Pursuing the psychopath: Capturing the fledgling psychopath in a nomological net.  Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106. 425-438.

De24.   Lahey, B. B., McBurnett, K., & Loeber, R. (2000).  Are Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder developmental precursors to Conduct Disorder?  In A. Sameroff, M. Lewis and S. M. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology (2^nd ed., pp. 431-446).  New York: Plenum.

De25.   Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Quay, H. C., Applegate, B., Shaffer, D., Waldman, I., Hart, E. L., McBurnett, K., Frick, P. J., Jensen, P., Dulcan, M., Canino, G., & Bird, H. (1998).  Validity of DSM-IV subtypes of conduct disorder based on age of onset.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 435-442. 1998.  fulltext

De26.   Loeber, R. & Coie, J. (2001). Continuities and discontinuities of development, with particular emphasis on emotional and cognitive aspects of disruptive behavior.  In  J. Hill & B. Maughan (Eds.), Conduct disorders in childhood and adolescence (pp. 379-407).  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

De27.   Tolan, P. H., & Loeber, R. (1993).  Antisocial behavior.  In P. Tolan & V. Cohler (Eds.), Handbook of clinical research and practice with adolescents (pp. 307-331).  New York, Wiley. fulltext

De28.   Farrington, D. P., & Loeber, R. (1999).  Risk factors for delinquency over time and place.  Youth Update, 17(2), 4-5.

De29.   Smith, C. A., Krohn, M. D., Lizotte, A. J., McCluskey, C. P., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Weiher, A. (2000). The effect of early delinquency and substance use on precocious transitions to adulthood among adolescent males. In G. L. Fox & M. L. Benson (Eds.), Families, Crime and Criminal Justice (pp. 233-253). Amsterdam: JAI Press.  fulltext

De30.   Loeber, R. (2001), Interventies bij delinquente jongeren.  In H. van Leeuwen, W. Slot, & M. Uijterwijk (Eds.), Antisociaal gedrag bij jeugdigen: Determinanten en interventies (pp. 13-21). Lisse, Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.

De31.   Burke, J. D., Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. (2003).  Course and outcomes.  In C. Essau (Ed.), Conduct and Oppositional Defiant Disorders: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatment (pp. 61-96).  Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

De32.   Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Burke, J., & Rathouz, P. J. (2002). Adolescent outcomes of childhood conduct disorder among boys: predictors of improvement.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 333-349.

De33.   Broidy, L. M., Nagin, D. S., Tremblay, R. E., Bates, J. E., Brame, B., Dodge, K., Fergusson, D., Horwood, J., Loeber, R., Laird, R., Lynam, D., Moffitt, T., Petitt, G. S., & Vitaro, F. (2003).  Developmental trajectories of childhood disruptive behaviors and adolescent delinquency: A six site, cross national replication.  Development and Psychopathology, 39, 222-245.

De34    Kalb, L., & Loeber, R.  (2003). Child disobedience and noncompliance: a review.  Pediatrics, 111, 641-652.  fulltext

De35.  Farrington, D. P., & Loeber, R. (2003). Foreword.  In B. B. Lahey, T. E. Moffitt & A. Caspi (Eds.),  The causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. ix-x).  New York: Guilford Press.

De36.   Pardini, D., Obradović, J., & Loeber, R. (2006).  Interpersonal callousness, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention and conduct problems as precursors to delinquency persistence in boys: A comparison of three grade-based cohorts. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35, 46-39.  Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

De37.  Koolhof, R., Loeber, R., Wei, E. H., Pardini, D., & D’Escury, A. C. (in press). Inhibition deficits of serious delinquent boys of low intelligence. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 17, 274-292.

De38.  Bird, H. R., Canino, G. J., Loeber, R., Davies, M., Duarte, C. S., Febo, V., Ramírez, R., Hoven, C., Wicks, J., & Musa, G. (2006). A study of disruptive behavior disorders in Puerto Rican youth. I. Background, design, and survey methods. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 1032-1041.

D39.  Bird, H. R., Davies, M., Duarte, C. S., Shen, S., Loeber, R., & Canino, G. J.  (2006). A study of disruptive behavior disorders in Puerto Rican youth. II. Baseline, prevalence, comorbidity, and correlates in two sites. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 1042-1053.

De40.  Bird, H. R., Shrout, P. E., Davies, M. Canino, G., Duarte, C. S., Shen S., & Loeber, R. (in press). Longitudinal trends in the development of antisocial behaviors in young and early adolescent Puerto Rican children at two sites. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

De41.  Loeber, R., and Farrington, D.P. (in press). Advancing knowledge about causes using longitudinal studies. In A. Liberman (Ed.), The yield of recent longitudinal research on crime and delinquency (pp. 257-279). New York: Springer.

Developmental Pathways

DP1. Loeber, R. (1988).  Natural histories of conduct problems, delinquency, and associated substance use:  Evidence for developmental progressions.  In B. B. Lahey & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Advances in Clinical Child Psychology. (Vol. 11, pp. 73-124)  New York:  Plenum.

DP2. Le Blanc, M. Côté , G., & Loeber, R. (1991).  Temporal paths in delinquency:  Stability, regression, and progression analyzed with panel data from an adolescent and a delinquent male sample.  Canadian Journal of Criminology, 23-44.  fulltext

DP3. Loeber, R. (1991).  Questions and advances in the study of developmental pathways.  In D. Cicchetti & S. Toth (Eds.).  Rochester Symposium on Developmental Psychopathology:  III (pp. 97-115).  Rochester, NY:  Rochester University Press.  fulltext

DP4. Loeber, R., Wung, P., Keenan, K., Giroux, B., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W. B., & Maughan, B. (1993). Developmental pathways in disruptive child behavior.  Development and Psychopathology, 5: 101-132.

DP5. Keenan, K., Loeber, R., Zhang, Q., Stouthamer-Loeber, M. & Van Kammen, W. B.  (1995).  The influence of deviant peers on the development of boys' disruptive and delinquency behavior:  A temporal analysis.  Development and Psychopathology, 7, 715-726.

DP6. Loeber, R. & Keenan, K.  (1995).  Developmental pathways in boys' disruptive and delinquent behavior.  Youth Update, 13, 4-5.

DP7. Loeber, R., DeLamatre, M., Keenan, K., & Zhang, Q.  (1998).  A prospective replication of developmental pathways in disruptive and delinquent behavior.  In R. Cairns, L. Bergman, & J. Kagan (Eds.), Methods and models for studying the individual (pp. 185-215). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.  fulltext

DP8. Loeber, R., Keenan, K., & Zhang, Q.  (1997).  Boys' experimentation and persistence in developmental pathways toward serious delinquency.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 6, 321-357.

DP9  Kelley, B. T., Loeber, R., Keenan, K., & DeLamatre, M. (1997).  Developmental pathways in disruptive and delinquent behavior.  OJJDP Juvenile Justice Bulletin.   fulltext

DP10.  Loeber, R., Wei, E., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Huizinga, D., & Thornberry, T. P. (1999).  Behavioral antecedents to serious and violent juvenile offending: Joint analyses from the Denver Youth Survey, Pittsburgh Youth Study, and the Rochester Youth Development Study.  Studies in Crime and Crime Prevention,  8, 245-263.  fulltext

DP11.  Tolan, P. H., Gorman-Smith, D., & Loeber, R. (2000).  Developmental timing of onsets of disruptive behaviors and later delinquency of inner-city youth.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 9, 203-230

Diagnosis

Di1.  Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Christ, M. A. G., Green, S., Russo, M. F., Frick, P. J., & Dulcan, M. (1990).  Comparison of DSM-III and DSM-III-R diagnoses for prepubertal children:  Changes in prevalence and validity.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 620-626.

Di2.  Loeber, R., Lahey, B. B., & Thomas, C. (1991).  The diagnostic conundrum of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 379-390.

Di3.  Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Quay, H. C., Frick, P. J., & Grimm, J. (1992).  Oppositional defiant and conduct disorders:  Issues to be resolved for DSM-IV.  Journal of the American of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 539-546.  fulltext

Di4.  Loeber, R., Keenan, K., Lahey, B. B., Green, S. M., & Thomas, C. (1993).  Evidence for developmentally based diagnoses of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 21, 377-410.

Di5.  Russo, M., Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. & Keenan, K.  (1994).  Oppositional defiant and conduct disorders: Validation of the DSM-III-R and an alternative option.  Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 23, 56-68.

Di6.  Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Hart, E. L., Frick, P. J., Applegate, B., Zhang, Q., Green, S. M. & Russo, M. F.  (1995).  Four Year Longitudinal Study of conduct disorder in boys:  Patterns and predictors of persistence.  Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 83-93.

Di7.  Hart, E. L., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Applegate, B., & Frick, P. J.  (1995).  Developmental change in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in boys:  A four-year longitudinal study.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23, 729-749.

Di8.  Loeber, R., Green, S. M., Keenan, K., & Lahey, B. B.  (1995)  Which boys will fare worse?  Early predictors of the onset of conduct disorder in a six-year longitudinal study.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 499-509.  fulltext

Di9.  Loeber, R., Keenan, K., Russo, M. F., Green, S. M. & Lahey, B. B. & Thomas, C.  (1998).  Secondary data analyses for DSM-IV on the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder.  In T. Widiger, A. Frances, H. A. Pincus, R. Ross, M. B. First, W. Davis, & M. Kline (Eds.), DSM-IV Sourcebook (Vol. 4, pp. 465-490). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.  fulltext

Di10.    Lahey, B. B., & Loeber, R. (1997).  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and Adult Antisocial Behavior: A life span perspective. In D. Stoff, J. Breiling, & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Handbook of antisocial behavior (pp. 51-59). New York: Wiley.  fulltext

Di11.    Loeber, R., Burke, J. D., Lahey, B. B., Winters, A., & Zera, M. (2000).  Oppositional defiant and conduct disorder: A review of the past 10 years, Part I.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 1468-1484.  fulltext

Di12.    Burke, J. D., Loeber, R., & Birmaher, B. (2002).  Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder: A review of the past 10 years, Part II. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 1275 - 1293.  fulltext

Desistance

Des1.   Stouthamer-Loeber, M, Wei, E, Loeber, R, & Masten, A.F. (2004). Desistance from persistent serious delinquency in the transition to adulthood. Development and Psychopathology, 16, 897-918.

Des2.  Loeber, R., Pardini, D. A., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Raine, A. (2007). Do cognitive, physiological and psycho-social risk and promotive factors predict desistance from delinquency in males? Development and Psychopathology, 19, 867-887.

Economics

E1.  Welsh, B. C., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Cohen, M.A., Farrington, F. P., & Stevens, B. R. (2008). The cost of juvenile crime in urban areas: A longitudinal perspective. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 6, 3-27.

Family Factors

FF1. Loeber, R., Weismann, W., & Reid, J. B. (1983).  Family interactions of assaultive adolescents, stealers, and nondelinquents.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 11, 1-14.

FF2. Patterson, G. R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1984).  The correlation of family management practices and delinquency.  Child Development, 55, 1299-1307.  fulltext

FF3. Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1986).  Family factors as correlates and predictors of juvenile conduct problems and delinquency.  In N. Morris & M. Tonry (Eds.), Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research (Vol. 7).  Chicago, IL:  University of Chicago Press.

FF4. Loeber, R. (1987).  What policy makers and practitioners can learn from family studies of juvenile conduct problems and delinquency.  In J. Q. Wilson & G. C. Loury (Eds.), From Children to Citizens: Families, Schools, and Delinquency Prevention, pp. 87-111.  New York: Springer-Verlag.

FF5. Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (1988).  Parents as intervention agents for conduct problem children and juvenile offenders.  Journal of Child and Youth Services, 11, 127-148.  fulltext

FF6. Christ, M. A. G., Lahey, B. B., Frick, P. J., Russo, M. F., McBurnett, K., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Green, S. M. (1990).  Serious conduct problems in the children of adolescent mothers: Disentangling confounded correlations.  Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 58, 840-844.

FF7. Frick, P. J., Lahey, B. B., Christ, M. A., Loeber, R., & Green, S. M. (1991).  History of childhood behavior problems in biological relatives of boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder.  Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 445-451.

FF8. Frick, P. J., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Christ, M. A. G., Hanson, K.  (1992).  Familial risk factors to Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder: Parental psychopathology and maternal parenting.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 49-55.

FF9. Green, S. M., Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. (1992).  Child psychopathology and deviant family hierarchies.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 1, 341-349.

FF10.   Gorman-Smith, D., Tolan, P. H., Loeber, R., & Henry, D. (1998), The relation of family problems to patterns of delinquency involvement among urban youth.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26, 319-333.

FF11.   Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Drinkwater, M., & Loeber, R. (1999-2000).  Family functioning profiles, early onset offending, and disadvantaged neighborhoods.  International Journal of Child and Family Welfare, 4, 247-256.  fulltext

FF12.   Thornberry. T. P., Smith, C. A., Rivera, C., Huizinga, D., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (Sept., 1999).  Family disruption and delinquency.  OJJDP Juvenile Justice Bulletin.   fulltext 

FF13.   Wakschlag, L. S., Gordon, R. A., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Green, S. M., & Leventhal, B. N. (2000).  Maternal age at first birth and boys’ risk for Conduct Disorder.  Journal of Research on Adolescence, 10, 417-441  fulltext

FF14.   Loeber, R., Drinkwater, M., Yin, Y., Anderson, S. J., Schmidt, L. C., & Crawford, A.  (2000).  Stability of family interactions from ages 6 to 18.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28, 353-369.

FF15.   Pfiffner, L. J., McBurnett, K., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Green, S., Frick, P. J., & Rathouz, P. J. (1999).  Association of parental psychopathology to the comorbid disorders of boys with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder.  Journal of Consulting and  Clinical Psychology, 67, 881-893.

FF16.   Farrington, D. P., Jolliffe, D., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Kalb, L. (2001).  The concentration of offenders in families, and family criminality in the prediction of boys’ delinquency. Journal of Adolescence, 24, 579-596.  fulltext

FF17. Hoeve, M., Smeenk, W., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., van der Laan, P., Gerris, J., & Dubas, J. S. (2004).  Opvoeding en delinquent gedrag bij volwassenen mannen [Child rearing and delinquency by adult men]. Tijdschrift voor Criminologie, 46, 347-360.  fulltext

FF18.  Hoeve, M., Smeenk, W., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van der Laan, P. H., Gerris, J. R. M., & Dubas, J. S. (2007). Long-term effects of parenting and family characteristics on delinquency of male young adults. European Journal of Criminology, 4, 161-194. Republished in A. Blokland, & P. Nieuwbeerta, P. (Eds.), Developmental and life course studies in delinquency and crime (pp. 209-232). The Hague: BJu Legal Publishers.

FF19.  Hoeve, M., Blokland, A., Dubas, J. S., Loeber, R., Gerris, J. R. M., & van der Laan, P. H. (2008). Trajectories of delinquency and parenting styles. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 223-235.

FF20.   Pardini, D.A., Fite, P., & Burke, J. D. (2008). Bidirectional associations between parenting practices and conduct problems in boys from childhood to adolescence: The moderating effect of age and African-American ethnicity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 647-662.

FF21.   Burke, J. D., Pardini, D. A., & Loeber, R. (2008). Reciprocal relationships between parenting behavior and disruptive psychopathology from childhood through adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 679-692.

FF22.   Kroneman, L., Loeber, R., Hipwell, A. E., & Koot, H. M. (in press). Girls’ disruptive behavior and its relationship to family functioning: A review. Journal of Child and Family Studies.

Fatherhood and Sexual Behavior

FA1. Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Wei, E. (1998).  The precursors of young fatherhood and its effect on the delinquency career of teenage males.  Journal of Adolescent Health, 22, 56-65.  fulltext

FA2. Thornberry, T. P., Wei, E. H., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Van Dyke, J. (Jan. 2000).  Teenage fatherhood and delinquent behavior, OJJDP Juvenile Justice Bulletin.  fulltext

FA3. Wei, E. H., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2002). How many of the offspring born to teenage fathers are produced by repeat serious delinquents?  Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 12, 83-98.  fulltext

Gangs

GA1.  Lahey, B. B., Gordon, R. A., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Farrington, D. P. (1999). Boys who join gangs: A prospective study of predictors of gang entry.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 27, 261-276.

GA2.  Gordon, R. A., Lahey, B. B., Kawai, E., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Farrington, D. P. (2004). Antisocial behavior and youth gang membership:  Selection and socialization. Criminology, 42, 55-87.  fulltext

Girls/ Women

Gi1.  Green, S. M., Russo, M. F., Navratil, J. L., & Loeber, R. (1999), Sexual and physical abuse among adolescent girls with disruptive behavior problems. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 8, 151-168.

Gi2.  Keenan, K., Loeber, R., & Green, S. M. (1999). Conduct disorder in girls: A review of the literature. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2, 3-19.  Republished in Literatuurselectie Kinderen en Adolescenten (Netherlands, 2001), 8, 257-287.

Gi3   Tiet, Q. Q., Wasserman, G. A., Loeber, R., McReynolds, L. S., & Miller, L. (2001).  Developmental and sex differences in types of conduct problems.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 10, 181-197.

Gi4.  Keenan, K., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (2004).  Developmental approaches to studying conduct problems in girls.  In D. Pepler, C. Webster, & K. Levene (Eds.), Development and treatment of girlhood aggression  (pp. 29-46).  Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Gi5.  Hipwell, A., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Keenan, K., White, H. R., & Kroneman, L. (2002).  Characteristics of girls with early onset disruptive and antisocial behaviour. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 12, 99-118.  fulltext

Gi6.  Kroneman, L., Loeber, R., and Hipwell, A. E. (2004). Is neighborhood context differently related to externalizing problems and delinquency for girls compared to boys?  Clinical Child and Family Psychology, 7, 109-122.

Gi7.  Pajer, K., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Gardner, W., & Loeber, R. (in press). Antisocial women: Help-seeking for emotional problems and long-term health.  Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health.

Gi8.  Keenan, K., Hipwell, A.E., Duax, J., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (2004). Phenomenology of depression in young girls.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 43, 1098-1106.  fulltext

Gi9.  Gorman-Smith, D., & Loeber, R. (2005). Are developmental pathways in disruptive behaviors the same for girls and boys?  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 14, 15-27.

Gi10.   Hipwell, A., Keenan, K., Kasza, K., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Bean, T. (2008). Reciprocal influences between
            girls’ behavioral and emotional problems and parental punishment and warmth: A six year prospective analysis. Journal of
            Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 663-678. 

Gi11.   Loeber, R., Pardini, D., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Hipwell, A. E., & Sembower, M. (in press). Are there stable factors in girls’
           externalizing behaviors in middle childhood? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology.

Gi12.    Miller-Johnson, S., Loeber, R., & Hipwell, A. E. (in press). Peer deviance, parenting and disruptive behavior among young girls.
             Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology.

Homicide

H1.   Loeber, R., Homish, D.L., Wei, E.H., Pardini, D., Crawford, A.M., Farrington, D.P., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Creemers, J., Koehler, S.A., & Rosenfeld, R. (in press).   The prediction of violence and homicide in young males.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.

H2.   Loeber, R., Lacourse, E., & Homish, D. L. (2005). Homicide, violence and developmental trajectories.  In R. E. Tremblay, W. W. Hartup, & J. Archer (Eds.), Developmental origins of aggression (pp. 202-220).  New York: Guilford.  fulltext

H3.  Farrington, D. P., Loeber, R., Homish, D. L., & Stallings, R. (2008). Early risk factors for homicide offenders and victims. In M. J. Delisi & P. J. Conis (Eds.), Violent Offenders: Theory, Research, Public Policy, and Practice (pp. 79-96). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.

Lying

L1.   Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1986).  Lying as a problem behavior: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 6, 267-289.  fulltext

L2.   Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (1986). Boys who lie. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 14, 551-564.

L3.   Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1991).  Young children's verbal misrepresentation of reality.  In K. J. Rotenberg (Ed.), Children's interpersonal trust:  Sensitivity to lying, deception and promise violation. (pp.20-42).  New York:  Springer.

Measurement

M1.  Loeber, R., & Van Allen, R. (1972).  Work assessment of psychiatric  patients:  A critical review of published scales.  Canadian Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 4, 101-107.  fulltext

M2.  Loeber, R., & Waller, D. (1988).  Artifacts in delinquency  specialization and generalization studies.  The British Journal of Criminology, 28, 462-478.

M3.  Loeber, R., Green, S. M., Lahey, B. B., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1989).  Optimal informants on childhood disruptive behaviors.  Development and Psychopathology, 1, 317-337.

M4.  Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. (1989).  Recommendations for research on disruptive behavior disorders of childhood and adolescence.  In B. B. Lahey & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Advances in Clinical Child Psychology (Vol. 12, pp. 221-251).  New York:  Plenum.

M5.  Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W. B., & Farrington, D. P. (1989).  Development of a new measure of self-reported antisocial behavior for young children:  Prevalence and reliability.  In M. Klein (Ed.), Cross-national research in self-reported crime and delinquency (pp. 203-225).  Boston:  Kluwer-Nijhoff.

M6.  Loeber, R., Green, S. M., & Lahey, B. B. (1990).  Mental health professionals' perception of the utility of children, mothers, and teachers as informants on childhood psychopathology.  Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 136-143.

M7.  Costello, E. J., Stouthamer-Loeber, M. & Loeber, R. (1991).  Pervasive and situational hyperactivity - Confounding effect of informant.  Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 367-376.

M8.  Green, S. M., Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. (1991).  Stability of mothers' recall of the age at onset of their child's attention and hyperactivity problems.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 135-137.  fulltext

M9.  Loeber, R., Green, S., Lahey, B., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1991).  Differences and similarities between children, mothers, and teachers as informants on disruptive child behavior.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 75-95. 

M10.  Russo, M. F., Lahey, B. B., Christ, M. A. G., Frick, P. J., McBurnett, K., Walker, P. J., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Green, S. (1991).  Preliminary development of a sensation seeking scale for children. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 399-405.  fulltext

M11.  Lizotte, A. J., Chard-Wierschem, D. J., Loeber, R., & Stern, S. B. (1992).  A shortened Child Behavior Checklist for delinquency studies.  Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 8, 233-245.

M12.  Russo, M. F., Stokes, G. S., Lahey, B. B., Christ, M. A. G., McBurnett, K., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M.,  & Green, S. M.  (1993).  A Sensation Seeking Scale for Children:  Further refinement and  psychometric development.  Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 15, 69-86.

M13.  Hart, E. L., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., & Hanson, K. S.  (1994).  Criterion validity of informants in the diagnosis of Disruptive Behavior Disorders in children: A preliminary study.  Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 62, 410-414.

M14.  Farrington, D. P., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W.B., & Schmidt, L.  (1996).  Self-reported delinquency and a combined delinquency seriousness scale based on boys, mothers, and teachers:  Concurrent and predictive validity for African-Americans and Caucasians.  Criminology, 34, 493-517.  fulltext

M15.  Messer, S. C., Angold, A., Loeber, R., Costello, E. J., Van Kammen, W. B., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.  (1995).  The development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents:  Factor composition and structure across development.  International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 5, 251-262.  fulltext

M16.  Jacob, T., Moser, R. P., Windle, M., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2000).  A new measure of parenting practices involving preadolescent and adolescent age children. Behavior Modification, 24, 611-634.  fulltext

M17.  Youngstrom, E., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2000).    Patterns and correlates of agreement between parent, teacher, and male adolescent ratings of externalizing and internalizing problems.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 1038-1050.

M18. Raine, A., Dodge, K., Loeber, R., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Lynam, D., Reynolds, C., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Liu, J. (in press).  The Reactive-Proactive Aggression (RPQ) Questionnaire: Differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent boys. Aggressive Behavior.

M19.    Raine, A., Dodge, K., Loeber, R., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Lynam, D., Reynolds, C., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Liu, J. (2006). The Reactive-Proactive Aggression (RPQ) Questionnaire: Differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent boys. Aggressive Behavior, 32, 159-171.

M20.    Farrington, D. P., Jolliffe, D., Loeber, R., & Homish, D. L. (2007), How many offenses are really committed per juvenile court offender? Victims and Offenders, 2, 227-249.

M21.    Lynam, D. R., Derefinko, K. J., Caspi, A., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (in press). The content validity of juvenile psychopathy: An empirical examination. Psychological Assessment.

Neighborhood Factors

NF1. Loeber, R. & Wikström, P-O.  (1993).  Individual pathways to crime in different types of neighborhood.  In D. P. Farrington, R. J. Sampson, and P-O. Wikström (Eds.), Integrating Individual and Ecological Aspects of Crime (pp. 169-204).  Stockholm, Sweden:  National Council for Crime Prevention.

NF2. Peeples, F. & Loeber, R. (1994).  Do individual factors and neighborhood context explain ethnic differences in juvenile delinquency?  Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 10, 141-157.

NF3. Wikström, P-O. (1998). Communities and crime. In M. Tonry (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of crime and punishment (pp. 269-301). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

NF4. Wikström, P-O., & Loeber, R. (2000).  Do disadvantaged neighborhoods cause well-adjusted children to become adolescent delinquents?  A study of male juvenile serious offending, risk and protective factors, and neighborhood context.  Criminology, 38, 1109-1142.  fulltext

NF5. Lynam, D. R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T., Wikström, P-O., Loeber, R., & Novak, S. (2000). The interaction between impulsivity and neighborhood context on offending: The effects of impulsivity are stronger in poorer neighborhoods. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 563-574.

NF6. Beyers, J. M., Loeber, R., Wikström, P-O. H., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2001).  What predicts adolescent violence in better-off neighborhoods?  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29. 369-381.\

NF7.  Ireland, T. O., Thornberry, T. P., & Loeber, R. (2003).  Violence among adolescents living in public housing: A two-site analysis.  Criminology and Public Policy, 3, 3-38.

NF8. Ireland, T.O., Thornberry, T. P., & Loeber, R. (in press).  Residential stability among adolescents in public housing: A risk factor for delinquent and violent behavior?  In J. Flint (Ed.), Anti-social behaviour in housing: Theory, policy, and practice.  Bristol: The Policy Press.

NF9. Wei, E., Hipwell, A., Pardini, D., Beyers, J. M., & Loeber, R. (in press). Block observations of neighborhood physical disorder are associated with neighborhood crime, firearm injuries and death, and teen births. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

Personality

Per1. Caspi, A., Block, J., Block, J. H., Klopp, B., Lynam, D., Moffitt, T. E., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.  (1992).  A "Common-Language" version of the California Q-Set for personality assessment.  Psychology Assessment, 4, 512-523.

Per2. Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Krueger, R. F., & Schmutte, P.  (1994).  Are some people crime-prone?  Replications of the personality-crime relationship across countries, genders, races, and methods.  Criminology, 32, 163-195.  fulltext

Per3. John, O. P., Caspi, A., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E. & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.  (1994).  The "Little Five":  Exploring the five-factor model of personality in adolescent boys.  Child Development, 65, 160-178.  fulltext

Per4. Robins, R. W., John, O.P. & Caspi, A. (1994).  The Big Five and beyond.  In C. F. Halverson, G. A. Kohnstamm, & R. P. Martin (Eds.), The developing structure of temperament and personality from infancy to adulthood  (pp. 267-291).  Hillsdale, NJ:  Erlbaum.

Per5. Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Silva, P. A., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.  (1995).  Individual differences in personality and intelligence are linked to crime:  Cross-context evidence from nations, neighborhoods, genders, races, and age-cohorts.  In J. Hagan (Ed.), Current perspectives on aging and the life cycle (Vol. 4): Delinquency and disrepute in the life course (pp. 1-34).  Greenwich, CT:  JAI Press.  fulltext

Per6. Krueger, R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., White, J. & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.  (1996).  Delay of gratification, psychopathology, and personality:  Is low self-control specific to externalizing problems?  Journal of Personality, 64, 107-129.  fulltext

Per7. Robins, R. W., John, O. P., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.  (1996).  Resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled boys:  Three replicable personality types.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 157-171.

Per8. Lynam, D. R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Raine, A., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2005). Adolescent psychopathy and the Big Five: Results from two samples.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33, 431-443.

Prediction

P1.   Loeber, R. (1982).  The stability of antisocial and delinquent child behavior.  Child Development, 53, 1431-1446. fulltext

P2.   Loeber, R., & Dishion, T. J. (1983).  Early predictors of male delinquency:  A review.  Psychological Bulletin, 94, 68-99.

P3.   Loeber, R., Dishion, T. J., & Patterson, G. R. (1984).  Multiple gating:  A multistage assessment procedure of identifying youths at risk for delinquency.  Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 21, 7-32.  fulltext

P4.   Loeber, R., & Dishion, T. J. (1987).  Antisocial and delinquent youths:  Methods for their early identification. In J. Burchard & S. Burchard (Eds.), Prevention of Delinquent Behavior. (pp. 75-89).  Beverly Hills, CA:  Sage. fulltext

P5.   Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1987).  Prediction.  In H. C. Quay (Ed.), Handbook of Juvenile Delinquency. (pp. 325-382).  New York:  Wiley.  fulltext

P6.   Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (1988).  The use of prediction data in understanding delinquency.  Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 6, 333-354.  fulltext

P7.   Burke, J. D., Loeber, R., Mutchka, J. S., & Lahey, B.B. (2002).  A question for DSM-V: What predicts persistent conduct disorder: delinquent acts or conduct disorder?  Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 12, 37-52.  fulltext

Prosocial Skills

PS1. Dishion, T. J., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Patterson, G. R. (1984).  Skill deficits and male adolescent delinquency.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 12, 37-54. 

Protective Factors

PF1. Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Loeber, R., Farrington, D. P., Zhang, Q., Van Kammen, W. B., & Maguin, E. (1993).  The double edge of protective and risk factors for delinquency: Interrelations and developmental patterns.  Development and Psychopathology, 5, 683-701.

PF2. Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Loeber, R., Wei, E., Farrington, D. P., & Wikström, P-O. H. (2002).  Risk and promotive effects in the explanation of persistent serious delinquency in boys.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 111-123.

Psychopathology

PSY1.  Fabrega, H., Ulrick, R., & Loeber, R.  (1996).  Adolescent psychopathology as a function of informant and risk status.  Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 184, 27-34.  fulltext

Race

R1.   Farrington, D. P., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2003).  How can the relationship between race and violence be explained?  In D. F. Hawkins (Ed.), Violent crime: Assessing race and ethnic differences (pp. 213-237). New York: Cambridge University Press.

R2.   Loeber, R. & Farrington, D. P. (2004). Verschillende oorzaken van delinquentie tussen etnische en national groepen?  Longitudinale analyses van criminaliteit onder jonge mannen in Pittsburgh and London [Are between-race and between-country causes of delinquency the same?  Longitudinal analyses of young males in Pittsburgh and London].  Tijdschrift voor Criminologie, 46, 330-346.  fulltext

Research Implementation

RI1.  Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W. B., & Loeber, R. (1992).  The nuts and bolts of implementing large-scale longitudinal studies. Violence and Victims, 7, 63-78.

RI2.  Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1993).  Optimizing data quality of individual and community sources in longitudinal research.  In D. P. Farrington, R. J. Sampson, & P-O. Wikström (Eds.), Integrating Individual and Ecological Aspects of Crime (pp. 259-277). Stockholm, Sweden: National Council for Crime Prevention.

RI3.  Navratil, J. L, Green, S. M., Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. (1994).  Minimizing subject loss in a longitudinal study of deviant behavior.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 3, 89-106.

RI4.  Green, S. M., Navratil, J. L., Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. (1994).  Potential dropouts in a longitudinal study:  Prevalence, stability and associated characteristics.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 3 69-88.

RI5. Van Kammen, W. B., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.  (1997).  Practical aspects of interview data collection and data management.  In L. Bickman & D. Rog (Eds.), Handbook of Applied Social Research Methods (pp. 375-398).  Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.  fulltext

RI6.  Cotter, R. B., Burke, J. D., Loeber, R., & Navratil, J. L. (2002).  Innovative retention methods in longitudinal research: A case study of the Development Trends Study.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 11, 485-498.

RI7. Cotter, R. B., Burke, J. D., Loeber, R., & Mutchka, J. S. (2005). Predictors of contact difficulty and drop out in a longitudinal study. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 15, 126-137.  London: Whurr Publishers Limited.  fulltext

R18. Cotter, R.B., Burke, J.D., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (2005). Contacting participants for follow-up:  how much effort is required to retain participants in longitudinal studies?  Evaluation and Program Planning, 28, 15-21.  fulltext

Secular Changes

Sec 1.  Bruinsma, G., & Loeber, R.  (2004). Challenges for criminological and criminal justice research.  In G. Bruinsma, H. Elffers, & J. de Keijser (Eds.), Punishment, place and perpetrators (pp. 3-20).  Devon: Willan.  fulltext     

Service Delivery

SD1. Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Loeber, R., & Thomas, C. (1992).  Caretakers seeking help for boys with disruptive delinquent behavior.  Comprehensive Mental Health Care, 2, 159-178.

SD2. Stouthamer-Loeber, M, Loeber, R., Van Kammen, W. B., & Zhang, Q. (1995).  Uninterrupted delinquent careers:  The timing of parental helpseeking and juvenile court contact.  Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 4, 236-251.

SD3. Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (2002).  Lost opportunities for intervention: Undetected markers for the development of serious juvenile delinquency.  Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 12, 69-82.  fulltext

SD4. Hirschfield, P., Maschi, T., White, H. R., Goldman-Traub, L., & Loeber, R. (2006). Mental health and juvenile arrests: Criminality, criminalization, or compassion? Criminology, 44, 593-630.

SD5. Huizinga, D., Thornberry, T. P., Knight, K. E., Lovegrove, P. J., Loeber, R., Hill, K., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Disproportionate minority contact in the juvenile justice system: A study of differential minority arrest/referral to court in three cities. Report to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Access: http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/grants/219743.pdf

Sex Offenses

Sx1.  Wijk, A. Ph. van, Loeber, R., Ferwerda, H., Smulders, A. & Vermeiren, R. (2005). Jeugdige zedendelinquenten en geweldplegers. Een vergelijkende studie op grond van de Pittsburgh Youth Study [Juvenile sex offenders and violent delinquents. A comparative study based on data from the Pittsburgh Youth Study]. Justitiële Verkenningen, 1, 105-118.

Sx2.  van Wijk, A., Loeber, R., Vermeiren, R., Pardini, D., Bullens, R., & Doreleijers, T. (2005).  Violent juvenile sex offenders compared with violent juvenile nonsexoffenders: Explorative findings from the Pittsburgh Youth Study. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 17, 333-352.  New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.

Sx3.  van Wijk, A., Vermeiren, R., Loeber, R., Kerkhoffs, L., Doreleijers, T., & Bullens, R. (2006). Juvenile sex offenders compared to non-sex offenders. A review of the literature 1995-2005. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 7, 227-243.

Statistics

St1.  Farrington, D. P., & Loeber, R. (1989).  RIOC & Phi as measures of predictive efficiency and strength of association in 2 X 2 tables.  Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 5, 201-213.

St2.  Copas, J., & Loeber, R. (1990).  Relative Improvement Over Chance for 2 X 2 tables.  British Journal of Statistical and Mathematical Psychology, 43, 293-307.  fulltext

St3.  Farrington, D. P., & Loeber, R.  (2000). Some benefits of  dichotomization in psychiatric and criminological research. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 10, 102-122.  fulltext

St.4  Long, J. D., Loeber, R., & Farrington, D. P. (in press). Marginal and random models for longitudinal binary data with examples from criminology. Multivariate Behavioral Research.

Structure of Disruptive Child Behavior

Str1. Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Peters, R. DeV. (1984).  A priori classification systems of observation data:  The eye of the beholder.  Behavioral Assessment, 6, 275-282.  fulltext

Str2. Loeber, R., & Schmaling, K. (1985).  Empirical evidence for overt and covert patterns of antisocial conduct problems.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 13, 337-352.

Str3. Loeber, R., & Schmaling, K. (1985).  The utility of differentiating between mixed and pure forms of antisocial child behavior.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 13, 315-336.

Str4. Frick, P. J., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Green, S., Hart, E. L., & Christ, M. A. G. (1991).  Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder in boys:  Patterns of behavioral covariation.  Journal of Child Psychology, 20, 202-208.

Str5. Frick, P. J., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Tannenbaum, L., Van Horn, Y., Christ, M. A. G., Hart, E. A. & Hanson, K.  (1993).  Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder:  A meta-analytic review of factor analyses and cross-validation in a clinic sample.  Clinical Psychology Review, 13, 319-340.  fulltext

St6.  Bird, H.R., Davis, M., Canino, G., Loeber, R., Rubio-Stipec, M., & Shen, S.  (2005).

        Classification of antisocial behaviors along severity and frequency parameters.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 14, 325-341.  New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.

Substance Use

SU1. Loeber, R., & Dishion, T. J. (1985).  Adolescent marijuana and alcohol use:  The role of parents and peers revisited.  American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 11, 11-26.  fulltext

SU2. Van Kammen, W. B., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1991).  Substance use and its relationship to conduct problems and delinquency in young boys.  Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 20, 399-414.

SU3. Van Kammen, W. B., & Loeber, R. (1992). Drugs, delinquency and discipline.  School Safety, 3: 7-10.  fulltext

SU4. Tarter, R. E., Blackson, T. C., Martin, C. S., Seilhamer, R., Pelham, W. E., & Loeber, R. (1993).  Mutual dissatisfaction between mother and son in substance-abusing and normal families.  American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions, 2, 116-125.  fulltext

SU5. Tarter, R. E., Blackson, T., Martin, C., Loeber, R. & Moss, H.  (1993).  Characteristics and correlates of child discipline practices in substance abuse and normal families.  The American Journal on Addictions, 2, 18-25. fulltext

SU6. Van Kammen, W. B., Maguin, E., & Loeber, R.  (1994).  Initiation of drug selling and its relationship with illicit drug use and serious delinquency in adolescent boys.  In E. G. M. Weitekamp & H. J. Kerner (Eds.), Cross-National Longitudinal Research on Human Development and Criminal Behavior (pp. 229-241). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer.

SU7. Van Kammen, W. B., & Loeber, R. (1994). Are fluctuations in delinquent activities related to the onset and offset of juvenile illegal drug use and drug dealing?  Journal of Drug Issues, 24, 9-24.  fulltext

SU8. Ammerman, R. T., Loeber, R., Kolko, D. J., & Blackson, T. C.  (1994).  Parental dissatisfaction with sons in substance abusing families:  Relationship to child and parent dysfunction.  Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse, 3, 23-37.  fulltext

SU9. Blackson, T. C., Tarter, R. E., Loeber, R., Ammerman, R. T., & Windle, M.  (1996).  The influence of paternal substance abuse and difficult temperament in fathers and sons on sons' disengagement from family to deviant peers.  Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 25, 389-411.

SU10.  Tarter, R., Moss, H., Blackson, T., Vanyukov, M., Brigham, J., & Loeber, R. (1998).  Disaggregating the liability for drug use.  In C. Wetherington & J. Falk (Eds.), Laboratory Studies of Vulnerability to Drug Abuse.  NIDA Monograph PHS publication.  fulltext

SU11.  Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & White, H. R. (1999), Developmental aspects of delinquency and internalizing problems and their association with persistent juvenile substance use between ages 7 and 18. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 28, 322-332.

SU12.  White, H. R., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Farrington, D. P. (1999).  Developmental associations between substance use and violence. Development and Psychopathology, 11, 785-803.

SU13.  Burke, J. D., Loeber, R., & Lahey, B. B. (2001).  Which aspects of ADHD are associated with tobacco use in early adolescence?  Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 493-502.  fulltext

SU14.  White, H. R., Xie, M., Thompson, W., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2001). Psychopathology as a predictor of adolescent drug use trajectories.  Psychology of Addictive Behavior, 15, 227-236.

SU15.  White, H. R., Tice, P. C., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2002). Illegal acts committed under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 39, 131-152.  fulltext

SU16.  Loeber, R., Wei, & White, H. R. (2003). Developmental pathways to substance use and other problem behaviors.  In W. L. Dewey & L. S. Harris (Eds.),  Problems of drug dependence 2002: Proceedings of the 64^th Annual Scientific Meeting. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc.  Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Drug Abuse, Research Monograph Series 183, 100-101.  fulltext

SU17.  White, H. R., Pandina, R. J., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2003). Developmental patterns of drug use and crime.  In W. L. Dewey & L. S. Harris (Eds.),  Problems of drug dependence 2002: Proceedings of the 64^th Annual Scientific Meeting. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc.  Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Drug Abuse, Research Monograph Series 183, 107-109.  fulltext

SU18.  Wei, E. H., Loeber, R., & White, H. R. (2004). Teasing apart the developmental associations between alcohol and marijuana use and violence.  Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 20, 166-183.

SU19. White, H. R., Nagin, D., Repogle, E., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2004). Racial differences in trajectories of cigarette use.  Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 76, 219-227.  fulltext

SU20. Hipwell, A.E., White, H.R., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Keenan, K., Chung, T. & Sembower, M.  (2005).  Young girls' expectancies about the effects of alcohol, future intentions and patterns of use.  Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 66, 630-639.  New Brunswick, NJ: Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.

Theory

Th1.  Loeber, R.  (in press).  Foreword: The urgency to improve developmental theories.  In D. P. Farrington (Ed.), Integrated developmental and life-course theories of offending. Advances in criminological theory. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.

Th2. Loeber, R., Slot, N. W., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (in press). A three-dimensional, cumulative developmental model of serious delinquency. In P-O. Wikström & R. Sampson (Eds.), The Social Contexts of Pathways in Crime: Contexts and Mechanisms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Th3.     Loeber, R., & Farrington, D.P. (in press). Advancing knowledge about causes in longitudinal studies: Experimental and quasi-experimental methods. A. Liberman (Ed.), The Yield of Recent Longitudinal Research on Crime and Delinquency. New York: Springer, in press.

Therapist Behavior/Treatment

T1.   Loeber, R. (1971).  Engineering the behavioral engineer.  Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 4, 321-326.

T2.   Loeber, R., & Weisman, R. (1975).  Contingencies of therapist and trainer performance.  Psychological Bulletin, 82, 660-688.

T3.   Loeber, R., & Weisman, R. (1975).  The discriminative control of therapist performance.  Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 8, 331.

T4.   Loeber, R. (1987).  Meaningful outcome criteria in prevention research.  In J. A. Steinberg & M. M. Silverman (Eds.), Preventing mental disorders:  A research perspective.  Washington, DC:  U.S. Government Printing Office.  Pittsburgh, PA  15213.  fulltext

T5.   Loeber, R.  (1997).  The quest for delinquency prevention with lasting effects.  In L. J. Schweinhart and D. P. Weikart (Eds.) Lasting Differences:  The High/Scope Preschool Curriculum Comparison Study Through Age 23.  Monograph #12 of The High/Scope Educational Research Foundation (pp. 75-79).  Ypsilanti, MI:  High/Scope Press.  fulltext

T6.      Catalano, R. F., Loeber, R., & McKinney, K. C. (Oct. 1999). School and community interventions for serious and violent juvenile offenders.  OJJDP Juvenile Justice Bulletin.

T7.       FitzGerald, D., Whidby, J., Lochman, J. E., Barry, T., Pardini, D. A., & McElroy, H. (2001). Effects of a social-cognitive intervention for aggressive deaf children: The Coping Power Program. Journal of the American Deafness and Rehabilitation Association, 35, 39-61.

T8.       Lochman, J. E., Dane, H. E., Magee, T. N., Ellis, M., Pardini, D. A., & Clanton, N. R. (2001). Disruptive behavior disorders: Assessment and intervention. In B. Vance & A. Pumareiga (Eds.), The clinical assessment of children and youth behavior: Interfacing intervention with assessment (pp.231-262). New York: Wiley.

T9.       Lochman, J. E., Barry, T. D., & Pardini, D. A. (2003). Anger control training for aggressive youth. In A. E. Kazdin & J. R. Weisz (Eds.), Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (pp. 263-281). New York: Guilford.

T10.     Pardini, D. A., & Lochman, J. E. (2003). Treatment for Oppositional Defiant Disorder. In M.A. Reinecke, F.M. Dattilio, & A. Freeman (Eds.), Cognitive therapy with children and adolescents -2^nd edition (pp. 43-69). New York: Guilford.

T11.     Lochman, J. E., Magee, T. N., & Pardini, D. (2003). Cognitive behavioral interventions for children with conduct problems. In M. Reinecke & D. Clark (Eds.), Cognitive therapy over the lifespan: Theory, research and practice (pp. 441-476). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

T12.     Lochman, J. E., Phillips, N. C., McElroy, H. K., & Pardini, D. A. (2005). Conduct disorder in adolescence. In P. Graham (Ed.), Cognitive behaviour therapy for children and families - 2^nd edition (pp. 443-458). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

T13.     Lochman, J. E., & Pardini, D. A. (in press). Cognitive behavioural therapies. In M. Rutter & E. Taylor (Eds.), Child and adolescent psychiatry - 5^th edition. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.

T14.     Pardini, D. A. (in press). Empirically supported treatments for conduct disorders in children and adolescents. In J. A. Trafton & W. Gordon (Eds.), Best practices in the behavioral management of disorders of infancy, childhood and adolescence. Los Altos, CA: Institute for Brain Potential.

T15.     Hipwell, A.E., & Loeber R. (2006). Do we know which interventions are effective for disruptive and delinquent girls? Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9, 221-255. Reprinted in Kind and Adolescent Review, 2007, 14, 371-440.

Violence

V1.   Loeber, R., & Dishion, T. J. (1984).  Boys who fight at home and in school:  Family conditions influencing cross-setting consistency and discontinuity.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 759-768.

V2.   Loeber, R., & Tengs, T. (1986).  The analysis of coercive chains between children, mothers, and siblings.  Journal of Family Violence, 1, 51-70.

V3.   Fagot, B. I., Loeber, R., & Reid, J. B. (1988).  Developmental determinants of male-to-female aggression.  In G. W. Russell (Ed.), Violence and Intimate Adult Relationships. (pp. 91-107).  Great Neck, New York:  PMA.

V4.   Loeber, R., Tremblay, R. E., Gagnon, C., & Charlebois, P. (1989).  Continuity and desistance in disruptive boys' early fighting in school.  Development and Psychopathology, 1, 39-50.

V5.   Tremblay, R. E., Loeber, R., Gagnon, C., Charlebois, P., Larivee, S., & Le Blanc, M. (1991).  Disruptive boys with stable and unstable high fighting behavior patterns during junior elementary school.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 285-300.

V6.   Loeber, R. & Hay, D. F. (1994).  Developmental approaches to aggression and conduct problems.  In M. Rutter and D. F. Hay (Eds.), Development Through Life:  A Handbook for Clinicians (pp. 488-516).  Oxford: Blackwell.  fulltext

V7.   Thornberry, T. P., Huizinga, D., & Loeber, R.  (1995).  The prevention of serious delinquency and violence:  Implications from the Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency.  In J. C. Howell, B. Krisberg, J. D. Hawkins & J. J. Wilson (Eds.),  Sourcebook on Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders. (pp. 213-237).  Thousand Oaks, CA:  Sage Publications.  fulltext

V8.   Loeber R., & Hay, D. F. (1997).  Key issues in the development of aggression and violence from childhood to early adulthood.  Annual Review of Psychology, 48, 371-410.  fulltext

V9.   Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1998).  The development of juvenile aggression and violence: Some common misconceptions and controversies.  American Psychologist, 53, 242-259.

V10. Kelley, B. T., Huizinga, D., Thornberry, T. P., & Loeber, R.  (June 1997).  Epidemiology of serious violence.  OJJDP Juvenile Justice Bulletin.  fulltext

V11. Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1998).  Juvenile aggression at home and at school.  In D. S. Elliott, K. R. Williams, & B. Hamburg (Eds.), Violence in American schools (pp. 94-126).  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

V12. Loeber, R., & Farrington, D. P. (1998).  Never too early, never too late: Risk factors and successful interventions for serious and violent juvenile offenders.  Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 7, 7-30.  fulltext

V13  Farrington, D. P. (1998). Predictors, causes, and correlates of male youth violence. In M. Tonry & M. H. Moore (Eds.), Youth violence (pp. 421-475). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

V14. Loeber, R., Green, S. M., Lahey, B. B., & Kalb, L. (2000), Physical fighting in childhood as a mental health risk.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 1-8.  fulltext

V15. Loeber, R., DeLamatre, M., Tita, G., Cohen, J., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Farrington, D. P. (1999).  Gun injury and mortality: The delinquent backgrounds of juvenile victims.  Violence and Victims, 14, 339-352.

V16. Farrington, D. P., & Loeber, R.  (2000).  Epidemiology of juvenile violence.  Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. Violence, 9, 733-748.  fulltext

V17. Loeber, R., Kalb, L., & Huizinga, D. (Aug. 2001).   Serious injury victimization.  OJJDP Juvenile Justice Bulletin.  fulltext

V18. Loeber, R. (2002).  Commentary to ISSBD Special Section on Aggression and violence in youth: Understanding youth aggression in developmental cultural context.  International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development Newsletter, No. 2, Serial 42, 13-14.  fulltext

V19. Farrington, D. P., & Loeber, R.  (2002).  Serious and violent juvenile offenders.  In M. K. Rosenheim, F. E. Zimring, D. S. Tanenhaus, and B. Dohrn (Eds.),  A century of juvenile justice (pp. 206-236). University of Chicago Press.

V20. Loeber, R., Burke, J. D., Mutchka, J., & Lahey, B. B. (2004). Gun carrying and conduct disorder: A highly combustible combination? Implications for juvenile justice, and mental and public health.  Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 158, 138-145.

V21. Farrington, D. P. (2001), Cross-national comparative studies in criminology. In H. N. Pontell & D. Schichor (Eds.), Contemporary issues in crime and criminal justice: Essays in honor of Gilbert Geis (pp. 307-320). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

V22.    Fabio, A., Loeber, R., Balasurbramani, G. K., Roth, J., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Why some generations are more violent than others: Assessment of age, period, and cohort effects. American Journal of Epidemiology, 164, 151-160.

V23.    Tuma, F., Loeber, R., & Lochman, J. E. (2006), Introduction to Special Section on the National Institute of Mental Health State of the Science Report on violence prevention. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34, 451-456.

V24.    Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Waldman, I. D., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Child socioemotional dispositions at school entry that predict adolescent delinquency and violence. Impuls. Tidsskrift for Psykologi (Norway), 3, 40-51.

V25.    Fabio, A., Yan, Z., Wisniewski, S. R., Henry, D. B., Farrington, D. P., Bridge, J. A., & Loeber, R. (n press). Cohort differences in the progression of developmental pathways: Evidence for period effects on secular trends of violence in males. Injury Prevention.